What Is A Smart Card? :- :-
Identical
to the size of a credit card, a smart card stores and processes information
through the electronic circuits embedded in silicon in the plastic substrate of
its body.
Types Of Smart Cards
There
are two basic kinds of smart cards
1. Intelligent smart
card
An
intelligent smart card contains a microprocessor and offers read, write, and
calculating capability, like a small microcomputer.
2.Memory card
A
memory card, on the other hand, does not have a microprocessor and is meant
only for information storage. A memory card uses security logic to control the
access of memory.
Abstract
Java
Card is a smart card that is capable of running programs written in Java. A
smart card is a credit card sized plastic card with an integrated circuit (IC)
inside. The IC contains a microprocessor and memory so the smart card can
process and store information. The Java Card platform lets smart card
developers standardize on a common card platform.
Java Card Security
Java
applets are subject to Java security restrictions; however, the security model
of Java Card systems differs from standard Java in many ways. The Security
Manager class is not supported on Java Card. Language security policies are
implemented by the virtual machine. Java
applets create objects that store and manipulate data. An object is owned by
the applet that creates it. Even though an applet may have the reference to an
object, it cannot invoke the object's methods, unless it owns the object or the
object is explicitly shared. An applet can share any of its objects with a
particular applet or with all applets.
To test a Java Card
applet in the JCWDE, you:
• Start
the JCWDE
• Run
the APDUTool Utility
• Debug
the Applet
Starting The JCWDE
The
JCWDE, which runs on your workstation or PC, simulates the Java Card runtime
environment on a Java virtual machine. It allows you to run your applet as
though it was masked in the read-only memory of a smart card. And importantly,
it allows you to run the test in your workstation or PC, without having to
convert the applet, generate a mask file, or install the applet. To start the
JCWDE, issue the JCWDE command. The primary input to the command is a
configuration file that identifies one or more applets.
Converting A Java Card Applet
In
Java Card technology, you don't directly incorporate a Java Card applet into a
mask. Similarly, after a smart card is manufactured, you don't directly download
a Java Card applet for installation onto a smart card. Instead, for masking,
you convert an applet class and all the classes in its package to a JCA (Java
Card Assembly) file. The JCA file and JCA files for any other packages to be
included in the mask are then converted into a format compatible with the
target runtime environment. It's this converted output for the target runtime
environment that is incorporated into the mask.
Generating a Mask File
Use
the mask generator provided with the Java Card 2.1.2 Development Kit to
generate a mask file for one or more Java Card applets. The mask file can then
be incorporated into a mask for a specific Java Card runtime environment. You
specify as input to the mask generator the JCA file for the package that contains
the applets, as well as JCA files for any other packages to be included in the
mask file, such as JCA files for any needed Java Card API packages.
Conclusion
Java
Card can be used in all fields where the smart card is now being used. Java
Card can be used as an ID card which contains personal information, as a
medical card which stores medical information, as a credit/debit bank card, as
an electronic purse etc. Multi-Application Java Cards, that is, more than one
application in a single card is also available.
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